北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试+英语 含答案

东城区2023—2024学年度第一学期期末统一检测高二英语2024.1本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共三节，共36分）第一节选词填空（共11小题；每小题1分，共11分）A请用方框中所给的单词或短语完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。accompany demonstrate evaluatebreakdown inchargeof inturn1.HeputSteve______________theresearchteam.2.Kenagreedto______________meonatriptoAfrica.3.Ican’t______________hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.4.Listenup!Pleasecomeup______________tocollectyourbooks.5.Letme______________toyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.6.Asmilecan______________barriers.B请用方框中所给单词的正确形式完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。comfortscienceentireanxietymotivate7.Iadmititwas______________myfault.8.Heseemed______________aboutthecomingexam.9.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks______________.10.Iwasso______________andwarminbedsothatIdidn’twanttogetup.11.Weshouldadoptamore______________approachinthefutureresearch.第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。LastSeptember,Sarah,44,slippedonaplatformand12inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge.Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.Unfortunately,anothertrainpulledin,causingfurther13.Afewminuteslater,someonenoticedherandcalledemergencyservices.They14tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital,butdoctorswere15tosaveherarmandleg.16,Sarahisnowtheworld’sfirstwomantousea£250.00bionic(仿生)arm17byAI.“It’shardtoexplainbutwhenIthinkabouta18—say‘openmyhand’—mymusclestwitch(颤动)inaparticularway.Thesensorsinitwill19thesetwitches,andsendsignalstomakemyhandwork.Andifit20thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften,itwilllearnthatIliketodothatandmakeiteasierformetodoso,”saidSarah.InFebruary,SarahreturnedtoworkandafewmonthslatersheattendedaconferenceinRometogiveaspeechabouttheaccident.“Idomissmyselfbeforetheaccident.Butattheendoftheday,I’mjust21thatAIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback.IknowIamblessedtobeabletokeepmovingforwardwithmyfamily.”12.A.fell B.jumped C.stood D.filled13.A.changes B.worries C.injuries D.failures14.A.moved B.turned C.walked D.rushed15.A.uncertain B.unable C.patient D.eager16.A.Naturally B.Normally C.Obviously D.Luckily17.A.powered B.developed C.graded D.treated18.A.pattern B.signal C.movement D.moment19.A.protect B.detect C.,connect D.reflect20.A.caresabout B.talksabout C.figuresout D.pointsout21.A.hopeful B.grateful C.concerned D.amused第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AYuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthiscouldbedonewasa22(challenge)questionatthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Onecharacteristicofhybridsis23theyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops.However,24itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.Sarek’smountainsusedtobecoveredbyvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,25(leave)behindabout100glaciers.Soonafter,reindeerbegantoarrive.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.Gettinghereisquitedifficult,26apartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkinordertokeepthelandinitsnaturalstate.ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopment27(ban)withinparkboundaries.Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.Closeby,thereareafewreindeer28(feed)ongrass.CInNewYork,longtimeKunquartistsandstudentsareworkingtogethertopassdowntheancienttraditionalformfromgeneration29generation,andKunqusocieties30(be)activeinthecityforover30years.Andrecently,theseKunquOperaartists,youngandold,stagedaperformanceattheBigApple31(celebrate)the35thanniversaryoftheKunquSocietyofNewYork,anonprofitcultureandartsorganization.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，32分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.abuggyrideAmishHeartlandToursIfyouwouldliketolearnaboutAmishlifeandculturewhileenjoyingatourofthebeautyofAmishcountry,AmishHeartlandTourscanmakeithappen,offeringbuggyrides,custombustours,andspecial“Backroad”experienceswithmealsinthehomesoftheAmishpeople.Youwilllearnabouttheday-to-daylifeoftheAmishfromexperiencedtourguidesandthelocalpeoplethemselves.Tourslastbetween1to3hoursdependingonyourchoiceofdestinationandactivities.Yoder’sAmishHomeIfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.Pettheanimalsintheoldbarn,learnalittleGermanandmeettheirAmishteacherintheirone-roomschoolhouse,takearideinarealAmishbuggy,andenjoyasweettreatfromtheirbakery!Toursareledbylocalguidesandlastabout40minutes.Troyer’sAmishToursExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.Troyer’sAmishToursoffersseveraltoursincluding2and3-hourexperiences,dinnerinAmishhomes,aswellasspecialevents.Allofthetoursaretailor-madewithadvancenotice.Forthemostmemorableexperience,usetheironlinecontactformstoplanyourvisitinadvance.AmishHeritageToursAmishHeritageToursoffersseasonallythemedtoursincludingmanyofthebestthingstodoinAmishCountry,withonetomulti-dayexperiencesincludingpick-upfromyourhotel,dinner,shopping,areatheatre,andmuseums.Planyourvisitonlineinadvance.Theirwebsiteofferssampleitinerariesforeachtourtomakeyourstayrewardingandunforgettable.32.Whichtourisintendedforschoolchildren?A.AmishHeartlandTours. B.Yoder’sAmishHome.C.Troyer’sAmishTours. D.AmishHeritageTours.33.WhatisspecialaboutTroyer’sAmishtour?A.Itpresentsseasonallythemedtours. B.ItfeaturesrealAmishbuggyrides.C.Itprovidesamuseumexperience. D.Itmeetsindividualizedneeds.34.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Topromotetours. B.Tointroducetravelservices.C.Tohighlightalifestyle. D.Tocelebratethelocalculture.BAsyouleavetheBandhavgarhNationalParkinIndia,thereisanoticewhichshowsahugetiger.Thenoticesays,“Youmaynothaveseenme,butIhaveseenyou.”TherearemorethanabillionpeopleinIndiaandIndiantigersprobablyseehumanseverysingleday.Tigerscananddokillalmostanythingtheymeetinthejungle.However,itisalittlestrangethatattacksonhumansarenotthatfrequent.Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.Fromthefrontthemanishuge,butlookedatfromthesideheallbutdisappears.Thismustbeverydisturbing.Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyaredisconcerted.Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.Manyincidentsofattacksonpeopleinvolvevillagersbendingovertocutgrass.Thefactthathumansstanduprightmaynotjustdistinguishthemfromotherspecies,butalsohelpthemtosurviveinanunpredictableenvironment.35.Asforsomepeople’sopinionontigerattacks,theauthoris________.A.objective B.unconcerned C.supportive D.disapproving36.WhydoestheauthorraisethreequestionsinParagraph3?A.Topresentassumptions. B.Toevaluatearguments.C.Toquestionfindings. D.Toconfirmopinions.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disconcerted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Confused.B.Annoyed. C.Depressed. D.Surprised.38.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itisthegenesthatcausethetiger’sfearofhumans.B.Itishardforatigertomakeouttheshapeofhumans.C.Tigerssensethedangerthemomenttheyspothumans.D.Tigersarelessconfidentwhenfacingsquattinghumans.CThinkofthewordsinyourhead:thattastelessjokeyouwiselykepttoyourselfatdinner;yourunvoicedimpressionofyourbestfriend’snewpartner.Nowimaginethatsomeonecouldlistenin.Recently,scientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,havemadeanotherstepinthatdirection.InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.Thestudycenteredonthreesubjects,wholayinanfMRIscannerrecordingtheirbrainactivitybydetectingchangesinbloodflowinpartsoftheirbrainswhiletheylistenedtoonlinestories.ByintegratingthisinformationwiththeLLMs’abilitytounderstandhowwordsrelatetooneanother,theresearchersdevelopedanencoded(编码的)mapofhoweachindividual’sbrainrespondstodifferentwords.Then,theteamworkedbackward.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitywhiletheparticipantslistenedtoanewstory.UsingacombinationofthepatternspreviouslyencodedforeachindividualandLLMs,theresearchersattemptedtotranslatethisnewbrainactivity.Whilemanyofthesentencesitproducedwereinaccurate,thedecodergeneratedsentencesthatgotthemainideaofwhatthepersonwasthinking.Forinstance,whenapersonheard,“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet,”thedecoderspatout,“Shehasnoteven-startedtolearntodriveyet.”AlexHuthfromtheuniversitysaid,“Wewereshockedandimpressedthatthisworkedaswellasitdoes.”Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetechnologyisn’tone-size-fits-all.Eachdecoderwasquitepersonalizedandworkedonlyforthepersonwhosebraindatahadhelpedbuildit.Additionally,apersonhadtovoluntarilycooperateforthedecodertoidentifyideas.Ifapersonwasn’tpayingattentiontoanaudiostory,thedecodercouldn’tpickthatstoryupfrombrainsignals.Whilethetechnologywasstillfarfromperfect,theresultcouldultimatelyleadtoseamlessdevicesthathelppeoplewhocan’ttalkorotherwisecommunicateeasily.However,theresearchalsoraisesprivacyconcernsaboutunwelcomeneuraloverhearing.Theteamsaidthepotentialofthetechnologywassuchthatpolicymakersshouldproactivelyaddresshowitcanbelegallyused.JerryTangfromtheteamsaid,“Nobody’sbrainshouldbedecodedwithouttheirpermission.Ifonedayitdoesbecomepossibletogetaccuratedecodingwithoutaperson’swill,we’llhavearegulatoryfoundationinplace.”39.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofasmartscanner.B.Thepotentialimpactofmind-readingGPT.C.Theadvanceinbrain-decodingtechnology.D.Thebreakthroughinlargelanguagemodels.40.Howdidtheteamworkbackward?A.Theyfedthedecoderdataonpeople’sbrainactivities.B.Theyemployedthescannertoencodepeople’sthoughts.C.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitytoassessthinkingability.D.Theyusedbrainactivitypatternstoreadthesubjects’mind.41.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A.Thedecoderworkedasexpected.B.Thedecodercangetthewordingright.C.Thedecoderrequiredwillingparticipation.D.Thedecodercanbeappliedtodifferentpeople.42.Whatwilltheteammostprobablydonext?A.Personalizethetechnology. B.Establishproperregulations.C.Applythetechnologyacrossfields. D.Breaklimitationsofthetechnology.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MicrogreenFarmingMicrogreenshavebeenusedincookingsincethe1980s.43Chefsnowrealizetheyalsoaddflavorandvisualappealwhenincludedinalltypesofdishesandrecipes.Aswithmostvegetables,itallstartswithseeds.Butinsteadofallowingtheplanttogrowtoitsfullpotential,microgreensarecreatedwhentheplantisharvestedshortlyafteritstartstogrow.Theresultisastrongflavorandaningredientthatpacksavarietyofnutrientsandhealthbenefitsinatiny,deliciouspackage.TheJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistrystatesthatmicrogreenshaveincreasedlevelsofvitaminsE,CandK.44Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofusingmicrogreensindishesisthattheyprovideanintenseexperiencethatwillimprovetheoverallflavorofanydish.Manychefsusethemtoadddepthofflavorandtocreatecomplexflavor.Anotherbenefitofmicrogreensistheconveniencefactor—theyareincrediblyeasytocookwith!45Youjustputthemontoyourmealssuchassoups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreensaretheultimatehealthyconveniencefood!46Itisusuallyreadyforharvestinonly6-7daysandoffersaspicyradishtaste.Theresultisadishthatnotonlytasteswonderfulbutoffersavisualappealthatsatisfiestheeyesandisincrediblynutritious!Traditionalplantsrequireanextendedamountoftimeandlargeamountsofland.47Theyrequireverylittlephysicaleffortandarereadyforharvestinaslittleasoneweek.Inaddition,growingmicrogreensdoesn’trequirealotofspace,andistypicallydoneindoorswithaverticalsetup.Sowhynotgiveitashot?A.Microgreens,ontheotherhand,areeasy!B.Theywereinitiallyusedasaformofdecoration.C.Thereisnoprepandcuttingworkaswithmostvegetables.D.Theyhaveasmuchas40timesmorenutrientsthanamatureplant.E.Onepopularformofmicrogreensisamixofpurpleandgreenradish.F.Somebeginnersliketostartwithafamiliarplant,suchasradish,cabbage,orpeas.G.Maturetraditionalvegetablesaregenerallyharvested2to4monthsaftertheyareplanted.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。KieranBehanwasjustaboy,maybe6yearsold,whenhefellinlovewithgymnastics,butthatwasbeforeaseriesofinjuries,twososeverethatdoctorstoldhimhewouldneverwalkagain.YetBehan,pushedon.“Doctorstoldme,‘stopthinkingaboutyourcrazydreamsandyoumustacceptthatit’soverforyou,’”Behansaid.“ButIjustkeptsaying:‘No,no,no—thisisnottherestofmylife.Thisisnothowit’sgoingtoplayout.’Andlookatmenow,anOlympian.Theysaiditwasimpossible,butIdidit.”KieranBehanstartedgymnasticswhenhewas8.Butsooncamethefirstofmanyblows:duringalegoperation,adoctor’smistakecausedaseverenervedamagethatleftBehanwithlimitedfeelinginhisleftfoot.Doctorstoldhimtopreparehimselfforlifeinawheelchair.Theywerewrong.Althoughittook15months,Behanwentbacktogymnastics.Buteightmonthsafterhereturnedfromhisleginjury,disasterhitagain.Hehitthebackofhisheadduringtraining.TheaccidentcausedabraininjurywhichaffectedhisbalancesomuchthateventheslightestmovementcouldcauseBehantofaint.Mearlytwoyearsafternon-stopphysicaltherapy,KieranBehandidwhathedidbest:hepickedhimselfupagain.Hesaidhecouldnotlivewithoutgymnasticsandneverdoubtedhewouldbeback.Finally,in2012,hisdeterminationbegantopayoff.HisexcellentperformanceattheOlympictesteventqualifiedhimfortheGames.“IfeltlikeIwasinafairytale,”hesaidoftheLondonGames.“AllIcouldthinkaboutwas:‘Isthisadream?Tellmethisisreallyhappening.’”Eventhoughbedidnotenteranyoftheeventfinals,Behanneverlostheartandperseveredtomakeitforthe2016OlympicGamesatRiodeJaneiro.Behanhopeshistalemightinspireotherstoovercomehardship,whetheritisinsports,atworkorathome.Still,hestruggledtoexplainwhyhehasbeensounbeatable.“Ithinkit’sprobablyjustinmyblood,”hesaid.“Iwasjustborntodothis.”48.WhathappenedduringBehan’slegoperation?49.InwhatwaydidBehan’sbraininjuryinfluencehim?50.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.BecauseofBehan’sdetermination,hewonatthefinalsintheLondonGames.51.DoyouthinkBehanisagreatathlete?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。近期，英国交换生将在你校进行为期两周的交流。你打算邀请你校英籍外教Jim给负责接待的同学们做一个讲座，主题是如何与交换生得体相处。请你用英文写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.建议讲座的主要内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

东城区2023—2024学年度第一学期期末统一检测高二英语参考答案2024.1第一部分知识运用（共三节，36分）第一节选词填空（共11小题；每小题1分，共11分）1.inchargeof 2.accompany 3.evaluate 4.inturn5.demonstrate 6.breakdown 7.entirely 8.anxious9.motivation 10.comfortable 11.scientific第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）12.A 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.D17.A 18.C 19.B 20.C 21.B第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）22.challenging 23.that 24.whether 25.leaving 26.so27.isbanned 28.feeding 29.to 30.havebeen 31.tocelebrate第二部分阅读理解（共两节，32分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）32.B 33.D 34.A 35.D 36.A 37.A 38.B 39.C 40.D 41.C 42.D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）43.B 44.D 45.C 46.E 47.A第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（12分）48.Adoctor’smistakecausedaseverenervedamagethatleftBehanwithlimitedfeelinginhisleftfoot.49.Hisbraininjuryaffectedhisbalancesomuchthateventheslightestmovementcouldcausehimtofaint.50.BecauseofBehan’sdetermination,hewonatthefinalsintheLondonGames.HegotthechancetotakepartintheLondonGamesbuthedidn’tmakeittothefinals.HewasqualifiedfortheLondonGames,buthedidn’tmakeittothefinals.51.略第二节（20分）Onepossibleversion:DearJim,Ihopeyouarewell.Asyoumayknow,agroupofexchangestudentsfromBritainwillbeherefortwoweeks.Toensureourstudentvolunteersarefullyprepared,weplantoinviteyoutogivealecture.Iwaswonderingifyouwouldliketocome.SinceyouarefamiliarwithbothBritishandChinesecultures,weareparticularlykeentohearyourideas.Isitpossibletoincludesuggestionsonhowtoexpressourselvesclearlyandpolitely,sowecouldavoidcausingmisunderstanding?Inaddition,itwouldbefantasticifyoucouldtalkabouthowtousebodylanguageappropriatelyasitvariesfromculturetoculture.Thelecturewillbeheldnextweekonadatethatworksforyou.Itwouldbegreatlyappreciatedifyoucouldacceptourinvitation.Wearelookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua